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On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. This article is about the Bulgarian city. For Wine corks for leg cramps province of the same name, see Stara Zagora Province. This article needs additional citations for verification.
Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Bulgaria, and the administrative capital of the homonymous Stara Zagora Province and municipality. The city had a period of different names, mainly Beroe, Borui, Irenepolis, Eski Zagra, Augusta Traiana, etc. Earliest traces of civilisation date back to the 7th millenium B. Some scholars believe that the ancient Thracian Beroe was located there. In 1968, Neolithic dwellings from the mid-6th millennium BC were discovered in the town, which are the best preserved and richest collection in Europe and have been turned into a museum. A high density of Neolithic and Chalcolithic settlements has been identified by researchers and a ritual structure nearly 8,000 years old has also been discovered.
Also the first copper factory in Europe and a large ore mining centre were discovered, both over 7,000 years old. The original settlement dates from the 5th-4th century B. C under the name Beroe or Beroia, founded by Philip II of Macedon. The Battle of Beroe was fought, which resulted in a Gothic victory over the Romans. During the Gothic War between 376-382, the city was under attack by the Goths in order to attack Frigiderus, a Roman general, but he promptly withdrew to Illyria. During the Middle Ages, Zagore is mentioned for the first time by Byzantine historians.
Irene of Athens visited the town, rebuilding it and renaming it to Irenepolis, in honour of her. By the end of the 10th century, the city was in Bulgarian hands and acquired a fully Bulgarian character. In 1371, the Ottomans conquered the town, but its earliest mention was in an Ottoman document from 1430. Plagues rampaged in the 18th-19th century, aswell as famine and drought, livestock pestilence, and hailstorms destroyed all crops. In modern times, the city is relieved, as a growing city. The city is also located near the largest energy industrial complex, Maritsa Iztok Complex, where many of the people from Stara Zagora are employed. The original name was Beroe, which was changed to Ulpia Augusta Traiana by the Romans.
In the Middle Ages it was called Boruj by the Bulgarians and later, Železnik. Eski Zagra, from which its current name derives, assigned in 1871. Beroe Hill on Livingston Island, West Antarctica is named after this city, in its previous incarnation as Beroe. The earliest traces of civilisation in the region of Stara Zagora date back to the end of the 7th millennium B. Then, almost simultaneously, four prehistoric settlements emerged on the present territory of Stara Zagora and its surroundings, one of which was the largest in the Bulgarian lands for 6 thousand years. A high density of Neolithic and Chalcolithic settlements has been identified, with over 120 prehistoric settlements and 5 prehistoric settlement mounds, with numerous finds, one of them being the largest in Europe. Life here began in the late 7th millennium BC and continued until the 12th century AD.
