Surprise him on valentine’s day
On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable surprise him on valentine’s day. Surprise is intimately connected to the idea of acting in accordance with a set of rules.
When the rules of reality generating events of daily life separate from the rule-of-thumb expectations, surprise is the outcome. Surprise represents the difference between expectations and reality, the gap between our assumptions and expectations about worldly events and the way that those events actually turn out. Surprise can also occur due to a violation of expectancies. Interactant variables involve traits of the persons involved in the communication and in this instance the communication leading to surprise, including: sex, socio-economic status, age, race, and appearance. Environmental variables that effect the communication of surprise include: proxemics, chronemics, and the nature of the surroundings of the interaction.
Interaction variables that influence surprise include: social norms, cultural norms, physiological influences, biological influences and unique individual behavioral patterns. Surprise may occur due to a violation of one, two, or a combination of all three factors. Surprise does not always have to have a negative valence. EVT proposes that expectancy’s will influence the outcome of the communication as a confirmation, behaviors within the expected range, or violation, behaviors outside the expected range.
EVT also postulates that positive interactions will increase the level of attraction of the violator, whereas negative violations decrease the attraction. Eyebrows that are raised so they become curved and high. Open eyelids: the upper lid is raised and the lower lid is drawn down, often exposing the white sclera above and below the iris. Dropped jaw so that the lips and teeth are parted, with no tension around the mouth. Spontaneous, involuntary surprise is often expressed for only a fraction of a second. It may be followed immediately by the emotion of fear, joy or confusion.
The intensity of the surprise is associated with how much the jaw drops, but the mouth may not open at all in some cases. Pupil dilation and constriction can determine the valence of surprise from the action to the reaction of the individual. Positive valence to surprise is shown through a dilation or expansion of the pupil, where as negative valence in surprise is associated with pupil constriction. Non-verbal responses to surprise can also be affected by voice inflection, distance, time, environment, volume, rate, quality, pitch, speaking style, and even the level of eye contact made by an individual trying to cause a surprise. These non-verbal cues help to define whether the perceived surprise will have a positive or negative valence and to what degree the surprise will be induced by the individual.
Linguistics may play a role in the formulation of surprise. When norms or expectations of verbal language are violated surprise may occur. The aforementioned expectations of verbal language are more closely associated to negative expectancies of surprise, but positive surprise can occur from verbal interaction as well. A positive violation of expectations that could result in a positive surprise may include a low credibility source making a persuasive argument that leads to the change of beliefs or emotions thus enhancing the speaker’s credibility.
Emperor Pedro I of Brazil is visibly surprised by his wife Amélie as she presents him with the sword that belonged to her father Eugène de Beauharnais. The physiological response of surprise falls under the category of the startle response. The main function of surprise or the startle response is to interrupt an ongoing action and reorient attention to a new, possibly significant event. There is an automatic redirection of focus to the new stimuli and, for a brief moment, this causes tenseness in the muscles, especially the neck muscles. If the startle response is strongly elicited through surprise then it will bring on the fight-or-flight response, which is a perceived harmful event, attack, or threat to survival that causes a release of adrenaline for a boost of energy as a means to escape or fight. This response generally has a negative valence in terms of surprise.
Surprise has one core appraisal-appraising something as new and unexpected-but new appraisals can shift the experience of surprise to another. Appraising an event as new predicts surprise, but the appraisal of the coping mechanism predicts the response beyond surprise, such as confusion or interest. As individuals become more accustomed to particular types of surprise, over time the level of surprise will decrease in intensity. This does not necessarily mean that an individual, for instance, will not be surprised during the jump scene of a scary movie, it implies that the individual may expect the jump scene due to familiarity with scary movies, thus lowering the level of surprise.
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On the Origins of Human Emotions: A Sociological Inquiry Into the Evolution of Human Affect. Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts. This shows grade level based on the word’s complexity. We surprised the children raiding the cookie jar.
