Norway food
On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. The history of Norway has been influenced to an extraordinary degree by the terrain and the climate of the region. About 10,000 BC, following the retreat inland of the great ice norway food, the earliest inhabitants migrated north into the territory which is now Norway. They traveled steadily northwards along the coastal areas, warmed by the Gulf Stream.
The Neolithic period started in 4000 BC. The Migration Period caused the first chieftains to take control and hilltop forts to be constructed. The Reformation was introduced in 1537 and absolute monarchy imposed in 1661. Industrialization started in the 1840s, and from the 1860s large-scale emigration to North America took place.
In 1884 the king appointed Johan Sverdrup as prime minister, thus establishing parliamentarism. The union with Sweden was dissolved in 1905. Shipping and hydroelectricity were important sources of income for the country. The following decades saw a fluctuating economy and the rise of the labor movement.
By the 21st century, Norway became one of the world’s most prosperous countries with oil and gas production accounting for 20 percent of its economy. By reinvesting its oil revenues, Norway had the world’s largest sovereign wealth fund in 2017. Norway’s coastline rose from glaciation with the end of the last glacial period about 12,000 BCE. The first immigration took place during this period as the Norwegian coast offered rich opportunities for sealing, fishing, and hunting. The first farming, and thus the start of the Neolithic period, began ca. 4000 BCE around the Oslofjord, with technology from southern Scandinavia. The Bronze Age began around 1800 BCE and involved innovations such as ploughing fields with ards, permanent farms with houses and yards, especially in the fertile areas around the Oslofjord, Trondheimsfjord, Mjøsa and Jæren.
A climate shift with colder weather started about 500 BCE. The forests, which had previously consisted of elm, lime, ash and oak, were replaced with birch, pine and spruce. Iron Age tools allowed for more extensive clearing and farming, and thus more areas were cultivated as the population grew with the increased harvests. The last century BCE saw a widespread cultural development. The Norse adapted letters and created their own alphabet, runes.
Trading with Romans also took place, largely furs and skins in exchange for luxury goods. Some Scandinavians also served as Roman mercenaries. The chieftains’ power increased during the Migration Period between 400 and 550 as other Germanic tribes migrated northwards and local farmers wanted protection. This also resulted in the construction of simple fortifications.
In February 2020, Secrets of the Ice Program researchers discovered a 1,500-year-old Viking arrowhead dating back to the Germanic Iron Age and locked in a glacier in southern Norway caused by the climate change in the Jotunheimen Mountains. The arrowhead made of iron was revealed with its cracked wooden shaft and a feather, is 17 cm long and weighs just 28 grams. The Viking Age was a period of Scandinavian expansion through trade, raids and colonization. One of the first raids was against Lindisfarne in 793 and is considered the beginning of the Viking Age. Vikings were well equipped, had chain mail armor, and were well trained. In addition to gold and silver, an important purpose from the raids was the capture and trading of thralls, which were brought to the Norwegian farms as a slave workforce.
The mid-9th century saw the largest chieftains of the petty kingdoms engaged in major power struggle. Iceland, then uninhabited, was discovered by Norwegians during the late 9th century. By 930 the island had been divided among 400 Norse chieftains. Led by Erik the Red, a Norwegian-born man, a group of Icelanders settled on Greenland in the 980s.
Erik’s son, Leif Ericson, came across Newfoundland in ca. Several Viking ships in burial mounds have been found and placed in museums, including the Oseberg and Gokstad ships. In October 2018, Norwegian archaeologists headed by the archaeologist Lars Gustavsen announced the discovery of a buried 20 m long Gjellestad Viking ship in Halden municipality. From the 1040s to 1130 the country was at peace. The population increased from 150,000 in 1000 to 400,000 in 1300, resulting both in more land being cleared and the subdivision of farms. While in the Viking Age all farmers owned their own land, by 1300 seventy percent of the land was owned by the king, the church, or the aristocracy.
